Chemistry - Amany testing
العودة إلى المقالات
Associated Injuries in MRI-Confirmed Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A Retrospective Study From Saudi Arabia
نوع الإرسال:
المؤلفون
1 National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2 National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4 Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
5 National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
المستخلص
Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate concomitant injuries in patients with isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears, focusing on fractures, meniscal, chondral, and ligamentous pathologies.
Methods: At King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (2017–2019), 94 patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed isolated PCL tears were analysed. Data included demographics, injury mechanism (traumatic/sports), tear grade (I–III), acuity (acute/chronic), associated injuries, and management. Musculoskeletal radiologists validated MRI findings. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20, with χ² and Mann–Whitney U tests (significance set at p < 0.05).
Results: A total of 94 patients, most of whom were above the age of 50 years (35.1%), were included, with trauma as the primary mechanism (67%). Complete PCL tears (56.4%) predominated. Lateral tibial fractures (22.3%), medial meniscal tears (45.2%), and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (37.2%) were common. Complete PCL tears correlated with lateral tibial fractures (p = 0.002), while partial tears were associated with lateral meniscal injuries (p = 0.011). ACL injuries coexisting with PCL tears were significantly associated with the medial collateral ligament (p = 0.0001), lateral collateral ligament (p = 0.01), and lateral meniscal injuries (p = 0.002). A major limitation of this study is the absence of follow-up data for 86% of patients, which limits the evaluation of long-term outcomes and treatment responses.
Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the importance of comprehensive assessment for concomitant injuries when evaluating PCL tears. This is the first study in the region to characterize the injury patterns and associations of PCL tears using a local dataset, providing a valuable baseline for future clinical and epidemiological research.
المواضيع الرئيسية
Agriculture
الكلمات المفتاحية
Injuries
Posterior Cruciate
Ligament Tears
Meniscal
Chondral
Ligamentous Pathologies
Volume 4, Volume 4: 2nd Issue
منشور
صفحات 43 - 56
رؤى المقالة
عدد مرات مشاهدة المقال
3
تحميلات PDF
0
المراجع
- 1.[1] Sonin AH, Fitzgerald SW, Hoff FL, Friedman H, Bresler ME. MR imaging of the posterior cruciate ligament: normal, abnormal, and associated injury patterns. RadioGraphics. 1995;15(3):551-561.
- 2.[2] Allen CR, Kaplan LD, Fluhme DJ, Harner CD. Posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002;14(2):142-149.
- 3.[3] Petersen W, Loerch S, Schanz S, Raschke M, Zantop T. The role of the posterior oblique ligament in controlling posterior tibial translation in the posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36(3):495-501.
- 4.[4] Edwards A, Bull AM, Amis AA. The attachments of the fiber bundles of the posterior cruciate ligament: an anatomic study. Arthroscopy. 2007;23(3):284-290.
- 5.[5] Amis AA, Gupte CM, Bull AM, Edwards A. Anatomy of the posterior cruciate ligament and the meniscofemoral ligaments. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2006;14(3):257-263.
- 6.[6] LaPrade CM, Civitarese DM, Rasmussen MT, LaPrade RF. Emerging updates on the posterior cruciate ligament: a review of the current literature. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(12):3077-3092.
- 7.[7] Parkar AP. Imaging the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. J Belg Soc Radiol. 2016;100(1):98.
- 8.[8] Tomczyk J, Rachalewski M, Bianek-Bodzak A, Domżalski M. Anatomical variations of knee ligaments in magnetic resonance imaging: pictorial essay. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2019;78(3):467-475.
- 9.[9] Kaelin A, Hulin PH, Carlioz H. Congenital aplasia of the cruciate ligaments: a report of six cases. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1986;68(5):827-828.
- 10.[10] Schulz MS, Steenlage ES, Russe K, Strobel MJ. Distribution of posterior tibial displacement in knees with posterior cruciate ligament tears. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89(2):332-338.
- 11.[11] Schulz MS, Russe K, Weiler A, Eichhorn HJ, Strobel MJ. Epidemiology of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2003;123(4):186-191.
- 12.[12] Shelbourne KD, Davis TJ, Patel DV. The natural history of acute, isolated, nonoperatively treated posterior cruciate ligament injuries: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27(3):276-283.
- 13.[13] Raj MA, Mabrouk A, Varacallo M. Posterior cruciate ligament knee injuries. StatPearls. 2021.
- 14.[14] Wind WM, Bergfeld JA, Parker RD. Evaluation and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injuries: revisited. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32(7):1765-1775.
- 15.[15] Hamada M, Shino K, Mitsuoka T, Toritsuka Y, Natsu-ume T, Horibe S. Chondral injury associated with acute isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthroscopy. 2000;16(1):59-63.
- 16.[16] Ringler MD, Shotts EE, Collins MS, Howe BM. Intra-articular pathology associated with isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury on MRI. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(12):1695-1703.
- 17.[17] Geissler WB, Whipple TL. Intraarticular abnormalities in association with posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med. 1993;21(6):846-849.
- 18.[18] Vaquero-Picado A, Rodríguez-Merchán EC. Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management. EFORT Open Rev. 2017;2(4):89-96.
- 19.[19] Almaawi A, Awwad W, Bamugaddam A, Alasheikh M, Muaddi M, Almutair O, Alomar AZ. Prevalence of knee injuries among male college students in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Mar 31;15(1):126.
- 20.[20] Alrwaili AA, Hussain MA, Abo El-fetoh NM, Alrawili ON, Alruwaili KS, Alanazi FS, et al. Cruciate ligament injury among students of Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2018;73(5):6789-6796
- 21.[21] Caldas MT, Braga GF, Mendes SL, Silveira JM, Kopke RM. Posterior cruciate ligament injury: characteristics and associations of most frequent injuries. Rev Bras Ortop. 2013;48(5):427-431.
- 22.[22] Bui KL, Ilaslan H, Parker RD, Sundaram M. Knee dislocations: a magnetic resonance imaging study correlated with clinical and operative findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(7):653-661.
- 23.[23] Parolie JM, Bergfeld JA. Long-term results of nonoperative treatment of isolated posterior cruciate ligament injuries in the athlete. Am J Sports Med. 1986;14(1):35-38.
- 24.[24] Logan CA, Beaulieu-Jones BR, Sanchez G, Chahla J, Kennedy NI, Cinque ME, et al. Posterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee at the National Football League Combine: an imaging and epidemiology study. Arthroscopy. 2018;34(3):681-686.
- 25.[25] Fanelli GC, Beck JD, Edson CJ. Current concepts review: the posterior cruciate ligament. Knee Surg. 2010;23(2):61-72.
- 26.[26] Ahn S, Lee YS, Song YD, Chang CB, Kang SB, Choi YS. Does surgical reconstruction produce better stability than conservative treatment in the isolated PCL injuries? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2016;136(6):811-819.
- 27.[27] Hammoud S, Reinhardt KR, Marx RG. Outcomes of posterior cruciate ligament treatment: a review of the evidence. Sports Med Arthrosc. 2010;18(4):280-291.
- 28.[28] Owesen C, Sandven-Thrane S, Lind M, Forssblad M, Granan LP, Årøen A. Epidemiology of surgically treated posterior cruciate ligament injuries in Scandinavia. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2017;25(8):2384-2391.
- 29.[29] Sekiya JK, Haemmerle MJ, Stabile KJ, et al. Biomechanical analysis of a combined double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner reconstruction. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(3):360-369.
- 30.[30] Tayeb AM, Almohammadi AA, Hegaze AH, Roublah F, Althakafi KA. Anterior cruciate ligament injury in association with other knee injuries in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Cureus. 2020;12(9):e10245.